运动介导肠道微生物-肠-脑轴调控神经功能的机制

Mechanism of Exercise Regulating Neurological Function by GutMicrobiota-Gut-BrainAxis

神经功能障碍是导致脑认知能力衰退和神经退行性疾病的重要原因,但其内在的诱导机制尚不清楚。随着学界对肠道微生物研究的深入,发现肠道微生物在许多机体疾病的发展中扮演重要角色,而神经功能障碍亦不例外。肠神经系统与中枢神经系统的信息通路使得肠道微生物与神经功能建立了肠-脑轴间的联络,肠道微生态的变化可通过肠-脑轴间的联络而影响神经功能。研究发现,规律的运动可通过影响肠道微生态进而改善神经功能,抑制神经系统疾病,但其内在调节机制亦不明确,这可能与运动介导肠道微生物多样性、肠道免疫、肠道内分泌、肠道代谢以及运动改善肠-脑间神经联系和神经发生等机制有关。

Neurological dysfunction is an important cause of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases,but the underlying mechanism is still unclear.With the deepening of the research on intestinal microbiota,it is found that gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of many diseases,and neurological dysfunction is no exception.The information pathway between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system enables the gut microbiota to establish a connection of gut-brain axis with neurological function.The changes of intestinal microecology can affect the neurological function through the connection of gut-brain axis.It has been found that regular exercise can improve neurological function and inhibit nervous system diseases by affecting intestinal microecology.However,its internal regulatory mechanism is not clear,which may be related to the mechanism of exercise mediated intestinal microbial diversity,intestinal immunity,intestinal endocrine,intestinal metabolism,and the improvement of gut-brain neural connection and neurogenesis.