明代镇海太仓卫学教育发展初探

On the Development of Defense Education in Taicang Zhenhai in the Ming Dynasty

从元代起,太仓便是漕粮海运重镇,明初开始设立卫所。太仓卫和镇海卫同处一城,驻守沿海。明正统年间,在朝廷建设卫学政策的鼓励下,镇海太仓卫学应运而生。探究明代镇海太仓卫学设置的缘由、过程、经费来源以及对地方教育的影响等,不仅有利于理解明代中期太仓卫与州县的关系,亦对理解沿海卫所教育发展的情状有所助益,丰富卫学教育研究的地域差异性。

Since the Yuan Dynasty,Taicang has been an important city for grain transportation,and the defense bureau was set up in the early Ming Dynasty.Taicang Defense Bureau and Zhenhai Defense Bureau were located in the same city and stationed in the coastal area.During the Zhengtong period of the Ming Dynasty,under the policy of encouraging the construction of defense education,Zhenhai Taicang defense education came into being.This paper explores the reasons,process,funding sources and impact on local education of Taicang Zhenhai defense education in the Ming Dynasty.It is not only helpful to understand the relationship between Taicang and counties in the middle of the Ming Dynasty,but also helpful to understand the development of coastal defense education,so as to enrich the research into the regional differences of defense education.