清代才媛曹锡淑的家学濡染与母教垂范

The Literary Cultivation and Exemplary Motherly Education of Cao Xishu,a Talented Woman in the Qing Dynasty

文学世家的家风家教滋养了女性的诗文书写,女性又通过母教垂范促进家学承递。清代上海才媛曹锡淑出身文学世家,幼承诗教,诗作"冲淡和雅"。其课子继承上海曹氏诗学传家的风雅气度,偏好汉魏遗风,还与夫家浦东陆氏世传的家学特质融会。其课女心境适合置于清代文学女性才德观中观照,她对女儿诗教的重视与淡化妇才的表述,展现出清代女性德、才之张力。曹锡淑所承的家庭诗教及其母教特质,呈现了清代文学世家女性家学濡染与母教垂范的典型面貌。

Education received from a literary family may nourish the literary creation of women,who in turn carried on such education through their motherly education.Cao Xishu,born in a literary family of Shanghai in the Qing Dynasty,learned poetry from an early age and wrote poems of a gentle style.What she taught her son was her inherited family tradition of graceful poetry,which veered toward a Han-Wei style,as well as that of her husband's family,the Lu family of Pudong.The ideas concerning literary women's talent and virtue behind the way she raised her daughter should be considered in the historical context of the Qing Dynasty.On the one hand,she attached quite some importance to her daughter's poetic education.One the other hand,she didn't put much stress on the female talent.This shows the tension between female virtue and talent in the Qing Dynasty.The poetic education Cao Xishu herself had receive at family and her motherly education of her children are typical of women from similar background in the Qing Dynasty.