比较视角下我国刑事诉讼管辖权异议制度的构建

A Comparative Study on the Construction of the Dispute System over Jurisdiction of Criminal Procedure in China

刑事诉讼管辖制度是刑事诉讼活动承上启下的关键节点,能够优化司法资源配置、确保诉讼程序合法正当。当前我国配套的刑事诉讼管辖权异议制度尚未形成,制约了刑事诉讼管辖制度发挥其应有的作用。一些发达国家的刑事诉讼管辖权异议制度相对完善,其中以英美法系国家和大陆法系国家为两大流派。美国、日本分别是这两大法系国家的代表,两者虽然在刑事诉讼管辖权异议问题的处理方式上存在不同,但其设立管辖权异议制度的初衷则是相同的。我国可以在刑事诉讼法律体系基本框架内,结合司法实践,有选择性地借鉴域外刑事诉讼管辖权异议制度,构建符合我国国情的刑事诉讼管辖权异议制度,实现打击犯罪与保障人权的有机统一。

The jurisdiction system of criminal procedure plays an important role in optimizing the allocation of judicial resources and ensuring the legitimacy of the proceedings.However,the criminal procedure jurisdiction dispute system has not been yet established in China,which restricts the jurisdiction system of criminal procedure to playing its role.The dispute system of criminal procedure jurisdiction is highly developed in some developed countries including both the common law countries and the civil law countries.By analyzing the United States and Japan,the representative countries of the two major legal systems,we summarize the similarities and differences,advantages and disadvantages of the dispute systems of criminal procedure jurisdiction in the two countries,so as to provide reference for the establishment and improvement of dispute systems in China.Based on the comparative analysis,we conclude that we can learn from foreign legal practices and built,within the basic framework of China’s criminal procedure legal system,the criminal procedure jurisdiction dispute system that conforms to the criminal judicial practice and national conditions in China,integrating fighting crimes and protecting human rights.