恶性肿瘤知情患者首次化疗不同阶段中负性情绪发生情况及精神支持需求调查分析

A survey of the incidence of negative emotions and spiritual support needs in informed patients with malignant tumor at different stage of their first chemotherapy

目的分析恶性肿瘤知情患者首次化疗不同阶段中负性情绪发生情况及精神支持需求。方法选取我院肿瘤科124例首次拟行化疗治疗的恶性肿瘤知情患者,调查分析在化疗前期(第1阶段)、不良反应发生前期(第2阶段)、不良反应发生期(第3阶段)、化疗结束后恢复期(第4阶段)中焦虑、抑郁和精神支持需求情况。结果肿瘤患者化疗期间第1、2、3、4阶段焦虑、抑郁和精神支持需求评分以及焦虑、抑郁程度及精神支持需求程度分级比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);第1、2、3、4化疗阶段患者精神需求与焦虑、抑郁均呈正相关;患者文化程度与焦虑、抑郁和精神支持需求呈负相关,肿瘤分期与精神支持需求呈正相关,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论恶性肿瘤患者化疗第1、2、4阶段负性情绪较为严重,精神需求较为强烈,文化水平低是引起患者焦虑抑郁的主要因素,对肿瘤分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ级和文化水平低的患者在首次化疗过程中着重实施医疗干预。

Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence of negative emotions in informed patients with malignant tumors at different stages of chemotherapy and the need for emotional support.Methods A total of 124 informed patients with malignant tumors who were treated with chemotherapy in our hospital were selected.The anxiety,depression and need for emotional support at the stage of preceding chemotherapy(the 1st stage),early stage of adverse reactions(the 2nd stage),adverse reaction occurrence period(the 3rd stage)and recovery period after chemotherapy(the 4th stage)were investigated and analyzed.Results The scores of anxiety,depression and need for mental support and the grades of anxiety,depression and need for emotional support were statistically significant differences at the different stages of chemotherapy(P<0.05).The need for emotional support was significantly positively correlated with anxiety and depression(P<0.05).The education level was significantly negatively correlated with anxiety,depression and need for emotional supped(P<0.05).Conclusion The negative emotions are relatively more severe in patients with malignant tumors at the 1st,2nd and 4th stages of chemotherapy,and the needs for emotional support are stronger.Low education level is the main cause of anxiety and depression of the patients.It is necessary to give a medical intervention to patients with grade III-IV tumors and low education level in the first chemotherapy.