“阴虚证”证名及内涵源流考

Research on The Name and Connotation Origin of“Yin Deficiency Syndrome”

阴虚证是中医诊断学证候中的重要名词术语。“阴虚”一词最早见于《黄帝内经》,“阴虚证”一词最早见于《普济本事方》。本文通过对中国古代医籍文献的梳理,厘清“阴虚证”在不同年代的发展。秦汉时期“阴虚”开始萌芽,奠定了“阴虚”的理论基础;隋唐时期将“阴虚”与脏腑理论紧密结合;宋金元时期出现了对“阴虚证”的描述以及“滋阴”理论的完善;明清时期诸多医家多角度进行论述,对于“阴虚证”内涵的概述更广泛详细。建国后各版教材虽出现虚热证、液亏证等别名,但其主流仍以“阴虚证”为其规范名。

Yin deficiency syndrome is an important term in the diagnosis of TCM syndrome.The word“Yin deficiency”was first seen in the Inner Canon of Huangdi,and the word“Yin deficiency syndrome”was first seen in Pu Ji Ben Shi Fang.This paper clarifies the development of"Yin deficiency syndrome"in different ages by combing the ancient Chinese medical literature."Yin deficiency"began to sprout in the Qin and Han dynasties,which laid the theoretical foundation of"Yin deficiency".In the Sui and Tang dynasties,Yin deficiency was closely combined with Zang-fu theory.In Song,Jin and Yuan dynasties,there appeared the description of Yin deficiency syndrome and the perfection of Yin nourishing theory.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,many doctors discussed from many angles,and the connotation of"Yin deficiency syndrome"was more extensive and detailed.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,although each edition of textbooks appear the syndrome of heat deficiency,liquid deficit and other aliases,but its mainstream is still the"Yin deficiency syndrome"as its standard name.