留守儿童物质主义价值观的预测因素:物质与情感,孰轻孰重?

Predictors to the Materialism of Left-Behind Children:Material and Affection,Which is More Important?

以往研究指出,青少年的物质主义与家庭经济地位、家庭关系状况等因素有关。本研究采用问卷调查方法,以272名留守儿童为研究对象,考察留守儿童家庭的客观经济地位、主观经济地位、与父母的亲密度和孤独感对他们物质主义价值观的预测作用。结果发现:(1)家庭的客观经济地位、主观经济地位均未能直接预测留守儿童的物质主义水平。(2)与母亲的亲密度和孤独感是预测留守儿童物质主义的主要因素。与母亲越亲密,留守儿童的物质主义水平越低;孤独感越高,留守儿童的物质主义水平也越高。(3)与父母的亲密度调节了父母收入对留守儿童物质主义水平的影响。与父母低亲密度的留守儿童在父母收入高低不同时,他们的物质主义水平存在显著差异。

Previous studies have found that adolescents’materialism is related to such factors as family socioeconomic status and family relationship.Using the survey method,this study investigated the following factors as the predictors to the materialism of 272 left-behind children:objective and subjective family socioeconomic status,the closeness with parents and loneliness.The results showed that neither objective socioeconomic status nor subjective socioeconomic status of the family had any significant effects.There were significant effects of closeness with mothers and loneliness on left-behind children’s materialism.Concretely,a higher level of closeness with mothers was related to a lower level of materialism and a higher level of loneliness was related to a higher level of materialism.Intimacy with parents moderated the impact of parental income on the level of materialism of left-behind children.Left-behind children with low intimacy with their parents had significant discrepancies in materialistic levels when their parents’income levels were disparate.