高校学生管理诉讼20年:嬗变路径、趋势与回应机制构建

20 Years of College Student Management Litigation:Evolutionary Path,Trend and Response Mechanism

高校学生管理诉讼集中体现了大学治理中的各类张力关系。通过聚类分析方法梳理20年来司法大数据中的相关案例可以发现,司法权通过受案范围和关联行为实体审查的动态调整介入了高校学生管理行为,并呈现持续扩张的趋势;而高校显然缺乏有效的应对策略,妥协与退让的应对措施形成了司法权与高校自治间张力状态的非结构化失衡。因此,在确立高校治理与司法权、学生权利的张力平衡理念的同时,应构建合理的回应性机制;除立法上应改变规范性法源缺失的现状外,司法上需拿捏好合法审查的强度,保持适度司法谦抑和对大学自治的适度尊让;高校治理要实现从治理主体到治理规则的应对性变构,以充分保障自身功能的实现。

College student management litigation embodies all kinds of tension relations in university governance.By combing the relevant case data in judicial big data through cluster analysis,it can be found that in the past 20 years,judicial power has intervened in the management behavior of college students through the dynamic adjustment of the scope of the case and the related behavior entity review,and has exhibited a trend of continuous expansion.Therefore,while establishing the concept of tensional balance between university governance,judicial power and students'rights,we should construct a reasonable response mechanism,except for legislation.It is necessary to change the current situation of the lack of normative legal sources,maintain the strength of legal examination,maintain judicial modesty and moderate respect for university autonomy,and transform the coping structure from the main body of governance to the rules of governance in order to fully guarantee the realization of its own function.