劳动生产率提高、产业融合深化与生产性服务业发展

Labor Productivity,Industrial Integration and Development of Producer Services

先进制造业和现代服务业融合是中国顺应新一轮科技革命和产业变革,增强制造业核心竞争力、培育现代产业体系、实现高质量发展的重要途径,而生产性服务业发展又是推动两业相融相长、耦合共生的最佳结合点。本文通过研究生产性服务业的发展动因,以期为中国推动产业深度融合、实现高质量发展提供参考。本文建立了一个包含多部门嵌套的产业结构转型一般均衡模型,在理论上提出劳动生产率通过价格效应和收入效应产生集约边际影响和广延边际影响的经济机制,推动产业融合深化和生产性服务业发展。之后本文将模型应用于中国、日本和韩国的产业结构转型过程,定量评估结果表明,不同产业的劳动生产率提高在其中产生了差异化影响,在不同国家中的影响也存在明显差别。基于这些结论,本文为中国加快发展生产性服务业提供了具有针对性的政策建议:政府应以提高制造业劳动生产率为重点推动生产性服务业发展,并以加快新型基础设施建设为重点推动产业深度融合发展。

The integration of advanced manufacturing and modern services is important for China to enhance its manufacturing's competitiveness,build a modern industrial system and achieve high-quality development during the new round of technological revolution and structural transformation.The development of producer services is the best way to simultaneously promote the development of both industries.The paper studies the economic forces that drive the rise of producer services,and provides policy implications for China to promote industrial integration to achieve high-quality development.We build a nested multi-sector general equilibrium model with structural change,and study the effect of labor productivity growth on the industrial integration and the rise of producer services.We highlight the mechanism of intensive margin effect and extensive margin effect generated by the price effect and income effect.We calibrate the model according to the process of structural change in China,Japan and South Korea,and find that sectoral labor productivity growth contributes differently to the structural change in different countries.We draw policy implications from the conclusions:the government should emphasize the role of labor productivity growth in manufacturing to accelerate the development of producer services,and promote investment on new infrastructure to advance industrial integration.