长期不同施肥处理对设施蔬菜产量及土壤肥力的影响

Effect of Different Long-term Fertilization on Yields and Soil Nutrients in a Greenhouse Vegetable Field

目的:在北京市大兴区设置长期定位试验的基础上,通过测土配方试验,探讨不同施肥处理对设施蔬菜产量及土壤肥力的影响。方法:试验设置5个处理:空白(CK)、农民习惯施肥(M)、测土配方施肥(OC)、纯施有机肥(O)、纯施化肥(CF)。结果:甜椒和茄子的多年平均产量和平均增产率均表现为OC处理与M处理相差不大。OC处理与M处理相比,对提高土壤有机质含量的效果略低,相差1.2g/kg,但对土壤全氮含量的提高效果略高,高出0.04g/kg。结论:农民传统的“大肥”模式与测土配方施肥处理相比,对作物产量产出以及土壤各项养分并无明显的提高。因此,应用测土配方施肥技术,在降低投入成本的同时有利于提高土壤肥力,实现农业可持续发展。

Objective:This study set up a long-term fertilization experiment in Beijing daxing,based on soil determi⁃nation and prescription,examined the trend of change on yields and soil nutrients in a greenhouse vegetable field.Method:5 different fertilization plots:blank fertilization plot(CK),traditional fertilization plot(M),soil determina⁃tion and prescription fertilization plot(OC),organic fertilizer plot(O),and chemical fertilizer plot(CF).Result:The result of average yield and increase rate of pepper and eggplant,OC and M were similar.2、To improve the soil organ⁃ic,OC is less than M 1.2g/kg,but to improve soil total nitrogen,OC is higher than M 0.04g/kg.Conclusion:The effect of traditional fertilization on yields and soil nutrients were not so well as soil determination and prescription fertiliza⁃tion.Application of soil determination and prescription fertilization technology is beneficial to reduce the cost and im⁃prove the soil fertility,is conducive to agricultural sustainable development.