杨慎诗文中云南“浴佛节”习俗考释

A Textual Research on the Custom of “Bath Buddha Festival” in Yunnan in YANG Shen’s Poems

贬谪云南后,杨慎在诗文中对云南大理百姓“浴佛”习俗有较为深入的描绘。杨慎诗文中,明代大理“浴佛”的方式是于贝多树下以水池盛香水浇灌佛像。“浴佛”仪式中演奏世俗化的“鱼山”梵呗并伴有众僧侣诵唱经文。参与“浴佛”仪式者不仅有僧侣,亦有饱读诗书的士子和官员。杨慎描绘云南“浴佛节”习俗的诗文不仅有一定的民俗学价值,也有一定的史学价值。

After being relegated to Yunnan,YANG Shen’s poems and essays gave a more in-depth description of the“bath Buddha”custom of people in Dali,Yunnan.In YANG Shen’s poems,the method of“bathing Buddha”in Dali in the Ming Dynasty was to water the Buddha statue with perfume in a pool under the tree of Beiduo.In the“Bath Buddha”ceremony,the secular“Fish Mountain”Sanskrit was played and the monks chanted scriptures.Participants in the“Bath Buddha”ceremony include not only monks,but also scholars and officials who have studied Confucianism.At the same time,YANG Shen’s poems also reflect the unique Buddhist beliefs of the Bai people in Dali.YANG Shen’s poems describing the customs of the“Buddhist Bathing Festival”in Yunnan not only have a certain folklore value,but also have a certain historical value.