凸显政治维度的“成人之学”——“儒家角色伦理学”的人生观论析

“Human-becoming Study”Highlighting Political Dimension--On“Confucian Role Ethics”View of Life

安乐哲所提出的“儒家角色伦理学”是一套凸显政治维度的“成人之学”,其理论核心在于肯定人生中的“关系”并对之进行哲学阐释。“儒家角色伦理学”认为,世界是以“气”为根本范畴,贯通本性与活动、个体与关系的“关系集合体”;人在多种境域中扮演不同社会角色,是“角色伦理”之人;人性基于一种特定的初始状态,在现实中成长、交往而逐渐形成。安乐哲的这种阐释从中西比较视野开拓了儒家人生观研究新的理论维度,对于理解儒家思想的关系性特征具有启发意义。“儒家角色伦理学”从政治哲学反推至人性论的做法凸显了儒学发展历程中的一个侧面,但其与儒家人生观的历史全貌之间存在一定张力。

“Confucian role ethics”proposed by Roger T.Ames is a set of“Human-becoming study”which highlights the political dimensions.Its theoretical core lies in affirming the“relationship”in life and explaining it philosophically.“Confucian role ethics”holds that the world is a“relational aggregation”with“Qi”as the fundamental category,connecting nature and activity,individual and relationship;human beings play different social roles in various situations,and are“role ethics”people;human nature is based on a certain initial state,which is gradually formed through growth and communication in reality.This interpretation of Roger T.Ames opens up a new theoretical dimension for the study of Confucian view of life from the perspective of comparison between China and the west,and has enlightening significance for understanding the relational characteristics of Confucianism.The thought of“Confucian role ethics”from political philosophy to the theory of human nature highlights one aspect of the development of Confucianism,but there is a certain tension between it and the historical panorama of Confucian view of life.