论马克思对资本主义的“正义”批判

On Marx’s “Justice” Criticism of Capitalism

马克思对资本主义的正义批判是通过揭露资本主义种种“不正义”之制度性根源而展开的。通过深入资本主义生产关系本身,历史性地考察长期掩盖在物与物的表象关系背后的人与人之间的关系,马克思揭示了资本剥削的秘密,戳穿了资本主义社会中自由、平等、正义的谎言,并通过对寄希望于分配来消除资本主义弊病的德国工人党纲领的不彻底性的批判,对未来共产主义社会超越性正义的分配原则作出了展望。因此,历史唯物主义与规范性要素,在马克思这里始终未曾分离。

Marx’s justice criticism of capitalism is launched by exposing the institutional root of various“injustice”of capitalism.By going deep into the capitalist relations of production itself,and historically examining the relations between people that have long been concealed behind the superficial relations between things,Marx revealed the secrets of capital exploitation and exposed the lies of freedom,equality and justice in the capitalist society.Furthermore,Marx prospected the distributive principle of transcendental justice in the future communist society through his criticism of the German Workers’Party’s incomplete program which hopes to eliminate the evils of capitalism by distribution.Therefore,historical materialism and normative elements have never been separated in Marx.