我国医疗救护员职业建设瓶颈与发展对策探析

The analysis of the bottleneck and development countermeasures of the occupational construction of emergency medical technician in China

院前医疗急救队伍的建设和发展,事关人民群众的安全和健康,属重大民生工程。为解决我国院前急救人员紧缺又急需的矛盾,2005年我国将医疗救护员(Emergency Medical Technician,EMT)设置为我国卫生行业特有国家职业,目前各项工作处于停滞状态。本文从国家层面定位、社会认知度以及人才培养模式等方面分析了我国医疗救护员职业建设停滞不前的主要制约因素,提出了设置院前急救技术专业、1+X证书模式及校院融合等对策与建议,旨在为重启我国医疗救护员职业建设工作提供决策依据。

The construction and development of the pre-hospital emergency medical team is a major livelihood project concerning people’s safety and health.In order to resolve the shortage and urgent need of pre-hospital emergency personnel,China designated the Emergency Medical Technician(EMT)as a special national occupation in 2005,which however,has grounded to a halt.This article analyzes the main constraints of such situation from the aspects of national positioning,social awareness and training models,puts forward countermeasures and suggestions including setting up the major of pre-hospital emergency care,1+X certificate model and schoolhospital integration,and aims to provide a decision-making basis for restarting the career construction of EMT in our country.