巴那语体标记tjou^55与汉语“着”的比较研究

A Comparison Between the Aspect Marker tjou^55 in Bana Language and zhe (“着”) in Chinese

巴那语体标记tjou^55借自早期汉语的"著",和现代汉语普通话以及汉语方言的"着"同源,这使得二者的比较具有重要的价值。tjou^55具有两类相区别的意义:客体-结果义和主体-状态义,略对应于现代汉语"着"的静态持续和动态持续。但是,tjou^55是一个有终止点的体标记,在客体-结果义中指向完结点,在主体-状态义中指向起始点,因此,tjou^55在巴那语中不仅可以表持续,还可以表示事件的完结或起始。

The aspect marker tjou^55 in Bana language,which is actually"著"borrowed from pre-modern Chinese,and zhe("着")in Modern Chinese are cognates,making the comparison between them valuable.tjou^55 has two different meanings:the object-result and subject-state,which roughly correspond to the dynamic continuity and static continuity of zhe("着")in Modern Chinese,but tjou^55 is an aspect marker with an end point,which refers to the completion point in the object-result meaning and the inception point in the subject-state meaning.Therefore tjou^55 not only expresses the meaning of continuity,but also the meaning of completeness and inception.