催化裂化装置催化剂钠中毒分析和对策

Analysis and countermeasures for sodium poisoning of catalyst in FCC units

3个炼油厂催化裂化装置因平衡剂中钠质量分数增加至约11000μg/g而发生钠中毒现象,Z炼油厂催化裂化装置油浆收率升高,F炼油厂催化裂化平衡剂活性由67.4%降低至52.4%,轻油收率由79.87%降低至76.44%。Z炼油厂通过更换新的电脱盐设备和采用平衡剂置换,降低了平衡剂中钠、钒含量,使油浆收率降低1.3%。F炼油厂因原料性质差,将新鲜剂单耗提高至5.5 kg/t后,平衡剂中钠含量无明显变化,活性恢复至62.0%,轻油收率恢复至78.3%,可基本维持较好的产品分布。J炼油厂因平衡剂中金属含量较低,钒质量分数为1000μg/g,通过将催化剂单耗提高至1.0 kg/t,可以较好地保持平衡剂活性。通过分析,加强电脱盐、采用催化剂置换、使用抗金属助剂等可以有效预防和处理催化剂钠中毒事故。

Sodium poisoning occurred in the FCC units of three refineries due to the increase of sodium content in the balance agent to about 11000μg/g.The slurry yield of FCC unit in refinery Z increases,the activity of FCC equilibrium agent in refinery F decreases from 67.4%to 52.4%,and the light oil yield decreases from 79.87%to 76.44%.In Z refinery,by replacing the new electric desalting equipment and using balance agent replacement,the content of sodium and vanadium in the balance agent is reduced,and the slurry yield is reduced by 1.3%.Due to the poor properties of feedstock in F refinery,when the unit consumption of fresh agent is increased to 5.5 kg/t,the sodium content in the equilibrium agent had no obvious change,the activity is restored to 62.0%,and the light oil yield is restored to 78.3%,which can maintain a good product distribution.Due to the low metal content in the equilibrium agent in J refinery,the vanadium content is 1000μg/g,the activity and performance of the balancing agent can be well maintained by increasing the catalyst unit consumption to 1.0 kg/t.Through the analysis,strengthening the electric desalting,using catalyst replacement,using anti metal additives and so on can effectively prevent and deal with catalyst sodium poisoning accidents.