明潮州戏文《金花女》与潮汕方言中的“乞”字用法研究

A Study on the Usage of the Charater Qi from Chaozhou Opera Jinhuanv in Ming Dynasty and Its Usage in Chanshan Dialect

对明潮州戏文《金花女》与潮汕方言中“乞”的用法进行考察,发现戏文中“乞”字可作实义动词、使役介词、与格介词与介引被动句施事的介词,而在潮汕方言中可作给予义动词、使役介词、与格介词与介引被动句施事的介词。对“乞”字的语法化路径与在闽南方言区的发展进行梳理,发现现代潮汕方言中“乞”字用法至少可追溯到明代之前,且在明代潮汕方言与泉厦闽南方言中“乞”字用法一致。

This paper studies the usage of the character qi from Chaozhou Opera Jinhuanv(The Golden Flower Girl)in Ming Dynasty and its usage in Chanshan Dialect.The findings show that in Jinhuanv,qi could be used as a notional verb,a causative preposition,a dative preposition and a prepositional passive marker,while in Chaoshan dialect,it is used as a verb denoting giving,a causative preposition,a dative preposition and a prepositional passive marker.Based on the summarization of the grammaticalization path and the development of qi in Minnan dialect,it is found that the usage of qi in modern Chaoshan dialect can be traced back to Ming Dynasty at least,and in Ming Dynasty the usage of qi in Chaoshan dialect was consistent with that in Minnan dialect from Quanzhou and Xiamen area.