测土配方施肥对水稻产量和肥料利用率的影响

Effects of the Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Strategy on Rice Yield and Fertilizer Utilization Rates

通过田间试验,研究常规施肥和测土配方施肥对氮肥、磷肥和钾肥的利用率和水稻产量的影响。试验表明,测土配方施肥方式下的水稻N、P、K利用率分别为39.87%、18.49%、47.67%;常规施肥的水稻N、P、K利用率分别为36.94%、13.09%、44.77%。测土配方施肥相比常规施肥的N、P、K利用率分别增加2.93、5.40和2.90百分点;N、P、K均对籽粒和茎叶产量有影响,且对籽粒和茎叶的生长效应一致,对产量的影响程度为N>P>K。

A field trial was performed to evaluate effects of the conventional fertilization strategy and the soil testing and formulated fertilization strategy on rice yield and its utilization rates of nitrogen,phosphate,and potassium fertilizers.As a result,the utilization rates of N,P,and K in rice were 39.87%,18.49%,and 47.67%,respectively,with the soil testing and formulated fertilization strategy;and 36.94%,13.09%,and 44.77%,respectively,with the conventional fertilization strategy.Compared with the conventional fertilization mode,the soil testing and formulated fertilization mode increased N,P,and K utilization rates by 2.93%,5.40%,and 2.90%,respectively.Moreover,the results showed that N,P,and K fertilizers had effects on grain yield and plant dry weight,which were consistent with their effects on the growth of grain,stem,and leaf.Different fertilizers influenced rice yield in varying degrees as follows:N fertilizer>P fertilizer>K fertilizer.