苏麦188小麦赤霉病抗性选择的实践与探讨

Practice and Exploration of Selecting Wheat Scab Resistance in the Wheat Variety Sumai 188

培育抗赤霉病品种是实现小麦高产、稳产、优质的最有效途径。通过辐照育成的扬辐麦2号剩余变异群体中,经系统选育、赤霉病抗性鉴定选择与分子标记辅助选择相结合的手段,育成高产、中抗赤霉病、矮秆抗倒、分蘖力强、耐迟播、耐寒等性状重大突破的中筋小麦苏麦188,在江苏淮南麦区和浙江省中北部、安徽省淮南、湖北省中北部、河南省南部等麦区近几年年推广面积达10万hm2以上,所种植之处均表现出良好的赤霉病抗性,尤其在各省的赤霉病重发区,均能高产稳产,凸显赤霉病的良好抗性。本文总结和探讨了苏麦188系统选育过程中赤霉病抗性鉴定和选择效应,旨在为进一步拓宽小麦赤霉病抗性育种路径和方法提供参考。

Breeding scab-resistant wheat varieties is the most effective way to achieve high yield,stable yield,and high quality of wheat.The medium gluten wheat variety Sumai 188 has a high yielding ability,moderate resistance to scab,dwarf with lodging resistance,a strong tillering ability,late sowing tolerance,and cold tolerance.It was bred from the residual variation population of the wheat variety Yangfumai 2 by systematic selection,identification and selection of scab resistance combined with molecular marker assisted selection.In recent years,Sumai 188 has been popularized for planting in more than100000 hectares in wheat-growing zones spanning Huainan areas of Jiangsu Province,the central and northern areas of Zhejiang Province,Huainan areas of Anhui Province,the central and northern areas of Hubei province,the southern areas of Henan Province and so on.Sumai 188 developed significant resistance to scab in these planting areas;importantly,in areas with severe occurrence of wheat scab,Sumai 188 still attained high and stable yields and showed evident resistance to scab.This paper summarizes and explores the identification and selection of scab resistance in the process of systemic breeding of Sumai 188.It provides a reference for further broadening the approach and method of breeding varieties with wheat scab resistance.