中国劳动收入份额的时空分异特征及动态演变研究

Research on Spatiotemporal Differentiation Characteristics and Dynamic Evolution of China's Labor Income Share

准确描述劳动收入份额的时空分异特征及动态演变轨迹,是破解收入分配领域发展不平衡、不充分问题,进而实现共享发展的一项基础性研究工作。基于1997—2017年中国内地31个省份的面板数据,运用Dagum基尼系数、Kernel密度估计与空间计量经济学相结合的分析方法,考察劳动收入份额的时空分异特征及动态演变规律。结果表明,中国劳动收入份额具有明显的时序波动性和空间非均衡特征,劳动收入份额在地区间具有层次性差距。具体而言,尽管劳动收入份额的空间非均衡程度呈现出不断降低的态势,但劳动收入份额的地区间差异明显大于地区内差异,地区间差异是劳动收入份额空间非均衡的主要动因。劳动收入份额的演变不仅具有时间上的前后连贯性,还具有地区之间的空间关联性。基于二元邻近矩阵和地理距离矩阵的空间收敛性检验表明,中、西部地区内部的劳动收入份额存在明显的“俱乐部”收敛现象。因此,建议积极发展区域间的互补型合作关系,逐渐平滑资源要素分布和经济发展条件的区域差异性,促进各地区的劳动收入份额在差异中提升,在发展中提升。

To describe accurately the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics and dynamic evolution track is a basic research work to solve the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development in the field of income distribution so as to and to realize the shared development.Based on the panel data of China's 31 provinces during the years from 1997 to 2017,using the analytical methods combined with Dagum coefficient,Kernel density estimation and spatial econometrics,this paper studies the spatiotemporal differentiation and dynamic evolution of labor income share.The results show that China's labor income share has the obvious characteristics of time-series fluctuation and spatial non-equilibrium,and there is a hierarchical regional gap in labor income.Specifically speaking,although the spatial non-equilibrium of labor income share is constantly decreasing,the regional difference of labor income share is significantly greater than the difference within the region,and the regional difference is the main reason for the spatial non-equilibrium of labor income share.The evolution of labor income share has not only time consistency but also spatial relevance among regions.The spatial convergence test,based on binary proximity matrix and geographic distance matrix,shows that,there is an obvious“club”convergence phenomenon in the share of labor income in the middle and western regions.Therefore,the government actively develops the relations of complementary cooperation among regions,continuously smoothen the regional differences in the distribution of resource elements and economic development conditions,and promotes the labor income share of each region to rise in the differences and to rise in the development.