白寿彝先生中国史学思想史研究的学术历程

The Academic Experience of Professor Bai Shouyi’s Study of History of Chinese Historiographical Ideas

白寿彝先生中国史学思想史研究的学术历程,主要经历了三个重要阶段。第一个阶段是20世纪50年代末。通过对刘知幾和马端临史学思想进行系统论述,得出的重要理论启示是:史学思想史的研究对象,不仅只是关于史学本身的认识,也包括对于客观历史的认识。第二个阶段是20世纪60年代前期。一方面重视于对历史观问题特别是其中的唯物辩证法思想的研究,重视运用马克思主义理论特别是其中的阶级斗争学说作指导;另一方面从史学思想传承的角度,对中国史学史上一些重要史家与史学理论家的史学思想作出了系统论述。第三个阶段是20世纪80年代。首次对"中国史学思想史"的概念、研究主体、主要对象和研究意义作出理论阐发;加深了关于历史观的论述,对历史观包含的基本内涵作出了规定;强调马克思主义理论在史学研究中的指导作用,对马克思主义唯物史观与唯物主义因素作了理论区分;对中国史学思想史的基本理论问题,包括历史文献学、史书编纂、历史文学、历史教育,以及史学知识运用等,作出了系统的论述;对于具体史家史学思想的研究,更加注重具体分析。白寿彝先生关于中国史学思想史研究的巨大成就,为此后中国史学思想史的研究奠定了坚实的基础。

Professor Bai Shouyi’s study of history of Chinese historiography ideas has experienced three important stages. The first stage is the end of the 1950 s, through research on Liu Zhiji and Ma Duanlin, Professor Bai came to the conclusion that the research object of the study of history of Chinese historiography ideas is not only the historiography, but also the facts of history. The second stage is the early 1960 s, in this period, Professor Bai emphasized the study of the historical views, especially the materialist dialectics in it, and paid attention to the Marxist theory, especially the theory of class struggle. Furthermore, Professor Bai made a systematic research on the historical ideas of some important historians and historical theorists in ancient China. The third stage is 1980 s, in this period, Professor Bai Shouyi expounded the concept, research subjects and objects and the significance of "The history of Chinese historiographical ideas" for the first time. Besides that, he defined the concept of historical views. His research emphasizes the guiding role of Marxist theory in the historical research, and made a distinction between Marxist historical materialism and materialist factors. He made a systematic exposition of the basic topics of history of Chinese historiographical ideas, including the history philology, the compilation of historical books, the historical literature, the historical education, and the application of historical knowledge. He paid more attention to specific analysis of historiographers’ ideas. Professor Bai Shouyi’s great achievements in the study of history of the Chinese historiographical ideas have laid a solid foundation for the later research.