政论与史论:秦政治人物关于“史”的对话

Political Comments and Historical Comments: the Dialogues on “History” among Politicians of Qin

《史记》卷五《秦本纪》记载:"(秦文公)十三年,初有史以纪事,民多化者。"秦人尊重历史的传统,还表现在秦人先祖传说多得以保留,形成非常深刻的历史记忆。秦国史书《秦记》,成为《史记》重要的史料资源。秦人对历史的看重,体现在政治生活的诸多方面。秦史记录中所见高层政治人物的对话,往往政论和史论结合,尤其习惯于在议政时以史事为比喻。政与史的交融,可以在多种主题的论说中生动应用。

It is recorded in Qin Benji, the fifth volume of the SHIJI: "In the thirteen years(of Duke of Qin Wen), there were historical records to keep events for the first time, and the people were changed." The Qin’s tradition of respecting history is also manifested in the fact that many Qin ancestral legends were preserved, forming a very singular historical memory. A history book of Qin, the QINJI, became an important source for the SHIJI. The Qin people placed great importance on history, which was reflected in many aspects of political life. The dialogues among top politicians seen in the historical records of Qin are often combinations of political and historical comments, and Qin people were habituated to using historical events as metaphors when discussing politics. The blend of politics and history could be embodied in a variety of thematic discourses.