杜泊羊、萨福克羊与蒙古羊在低温环境下生理、血清生化指标及免疫性能的对比研究

Comparative Study on Physiological,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Performance of Dorper Sheep,Suffolk Sheep and Mongolian Sheep Under Low Temperature Environment

本研究旨在阐明低温环境对杜泊羊和萨福克羊生产性能的影响,并进一步探究其影响机制,为内蒙古地区杜泊羊和萨福克羊引种改良、杂交利用提供数据参考。试验选取12月龄体重相近、健康无病的杜泊羊和萨福克羊各20只(公母各半)进行研究,蒙古羊20只(公母各半)作为对照,测定3种羊的生理、血清生化指标及免疫性能并做对比研究。结果显示:杜泊羊和萨福克羊体温、呼吸频率及心率全天均无显著差异(P>0.05);与蒙古羊相比,杜泊羊和萨福克羊全天心率较低(P<0.05),且杜泊羊上午的体温显著低于蒙古羊(P<0.05),全天的呼吸频率显著高于蒙古羊(P<0.05)。杜泊羊和萨福克羊血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)和甲状腺素(T4)水平与蒙古羊无显著差异(P>0.05),谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著高于蒙古羊(P<0.05);萨福克羊的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性显著高于杜泊羊和蒙古羊(P<0.05)。与蒙古羊相比,杜泊羊和萨福克羊血清白介素2(IL-2)、白介素4(IL-4)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)及免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量均无显著差异(P>0.05),但杜泊羊血清中IL-2的浓度显著高于萨福克羊(P<0.05)。综上所述,在内蒙古冬季低温环境下,杜泊羊和萨福克羊全天心率显著低于蒙古羊,血清中ALT和AKP活性显著高于蒙古羊;杜泊羊血清中LDH活性显著低于萨福克羊,IL-2的含量显著高于萨福克羊。除AST活性超出正常范围,杜泊羊和萨福克羊其余血清生化指标均在正常范围内。说明在内蒙古低温环境下,杜泊羊和萨福克羊可以维持正常的生理状态,并较好地适应内蒙古地区的环境气候。

The goal of this study was to elucidate the impact of low environment temperature on the performance of Dorper sheep and Suffolk sheep,and to further reveal the internal mechanism,provide for hybridization using data reference in Inner Mongolia.Twenty 12-month-old healthy Dorper sheep,Suffolk sheep and Mongolian sheep with similar body weight(half male and half female)were selected,and the latter was used as control.The physiological and serum biochemical indicators,and immune performance were measured and compared.The results showed that the body temperature,respiratory rate and heart rate in a whole day were not significantly different between Dorper and Suffolk sheep(P>0.05),but their heart rates were lower than the Mongolian sheep(P<0.05).The body temperature of Dorper sheep was significantly lower than Mongolian sheep in the morning(P<0.05),and the respiratory rate was significantly higher than Mongolian sheep all day(P<0.05).Compared with Mongolian sheep,the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and the levels of triiodothyronine(T3)and thyroxine(T4)in Dorper sheep and Suffolk sheep had no significant difference(P>0.05),while aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activities were significantly higher(P<0.05).The activity of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in Suffolk sheep was significantly higher than Duper sheep and Mongolian sheep(P<0.05).The levels of interleukin 2(IL-2),interleukin 4(IL-4),immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin M(IgM)and immunoglobulin G(IgG)in Dorper sheep and Suffolk sheep serum were not significantly different compared with Mongolian sheep(P>0.05),but the concentration of serum IL-2 in Dorper sheep was significantly higher than Suffolk sheep(P<0.05).In conclusion,under the low environment temperature in Inner Mongoliar,the heart rate of both Dorper sheep and Suffolk sheep throughout the day were significantly lower than Mongolian sheep,and the activities of ALT and AKP in serum were significantly higher than Mongolian sheep.The serum LDH content of Dorper sheep was significantly lower than Suffolk sheep,and the content of IL-2 was significantly higher than Suffolk sheep.Except for AST,the other serum biochemical indicators in experimental sheep were within the normal range.It showed that in the low temperature environment of Inner Mongolia,Dorper sheep and Suffolk sheep could maintain normal physiological conditions and were better adapted to the environmental climate in Inner Mongolia.