基于16S rRNA测序揭示杜洛克猪早期体重与肠道微生物的关系

Evaluating of the Association Between Early-stage Weight and Gut Microbiota in Duroc Pigs Using 16S rRNA Sequencing

本研究旨在探讨肠道微生物与杜洛克猪早期体重的关系。从91头80日龄杜洛克公猪中根据个体体重排序选择体重较轻(lighter body weight,LBW)的9头猪和体重较重(heavier body weight,HBW)的9头猪。通过对16S rRNA基因V3-V4区测序,分析了HBW和LBW组猪粪便中微生物多样性、组成和预测功能。结果显示,HBW和LBW组之间微生物的Alpha多样性无显著差异(P>0.05)。杜洛克仔猪肠道微生物的核心菌门为厚壁菌门(HBW和LBW组分别为65.62%和66.57%)和拟杆菌门(HBW和LBW组分别为30.87%和29.80%),核心菌属为普雷沃菌属(HBW和LBW组分别为23.82%和20.84%)、乳杆菌属(HBW和LBW组分别为9.11%和16.55%)、未分类的瘤胃菌科(HBW和LBW组分别为10.32%和9.98%)和未分类的毛螺菌科(HBW和LBW组分别为6.33%和4.53%)。PCoA分析显示,肠道微生物在杜洛克仔猪个体之间差异较小,但两组间在微生物组成上存在一些显著差异的菌属。在属水平上,HBW组猪中北里孢菌属、g_norank_o_Tremblayales、未命名的丹毒丝菌属、未分类的普雷沃氏菌科和粪芽孢菌属的丰度显著高于LBW组(P<0.05),棒状杆菌属在LBW组中的丰度显著高于HBW组(P<0.05)。此外,KEGG通路差异分析发现,倍半萜类化合物生物合成、胰岛素信号通路、抗坏血酸和醛酸代谢及安沙霉素类合成的途径显著富集于HBW组(P<0.05),分泌系统途径显著富集于LBW组(P<0.05)。本研究结果有助于理解猪早期肠道微生物与宿主间的相互作用和猪的健康养殖。

The purpose of this study was to explore the possible association of the intestinal microbiome with early-stage weight in Duroc pigs.80 days old weaned piglets with Lighter body weight(LBW,n=9)and heavier body weight(HBW,n=9)were selected from 91 individuals based on their body weights ranked.Fecal samples from piglets in the early grower phase were performed for microbial diversity,composition and predicted functionality by sequencing the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene.The results showed that there was no significant differences in microbial Alpha diversity between HBW and LBW groups(P>0.05).The two dominant phyla detected in both groups were Firmicutes(65.62%and 66.57%in HBW and LBW groups)and Bacteroidetes(30.87%and 29.80%in HBW and LBW groups).Four dominant genera were Prevotella(23.82%and 20.84%in HBW and LBW groups),Lactobacillus(9.11%and 16.55%in HBW and LBW groups),norank_f_Ruminococcaceae(10.32%and 9.98%in HBW and LBW groups),and norank_f_Lachnospiraceae(6.33%and 4.53%in HBW and LBW groups).PCoA analysis showed that there were small differences in gut microbes among Duroc piglets,whereas,some weight-associated microbial compositional differences were revealed between HBW and LBW groups.At the genus level,the abundance of several genera,such as g_Kitasatospora,g_norank_o_Tremblayales,g_norank_f_Erysipelotrichaceae,g_unclassified_f_[Paraprevotellaceae]and g_Coprobacillus,were significantly higher in HBW group than in LBW group(P<0.05).The abundance of Corynebacterium in LBW group was significantly higher than that in HBW group(P<0.05).Moreover,the KEGG pathways analysis showed that the sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis,insulin signaling pathway,ascorbate and aldarate metabolism,and biosynthesis of ansamycins were significantly enriched in HBW group(P<0.05),however,the secretion system pathway was significantly enriched in LBW group(P<0.05).These results might provide insights into host-microbe interactions occurring in the early stage piglets and would be useful in contributing to healthy pig breeding.