新时期天然林保护公益事业:内涵、特征及发展

Connotation,Characteristics and Development of Natural Forest Protection Public Welfare Undertakings in the New Period

首先,通过对在公益事业的内涵特征和发展现状的基础上进行阐述,以天然林保护事业发展的成效为背景,提出天然林保护公益事业的目标内涵、功能内涵和意义内涵。然后,通过对比分析公益事业和天然林保护事业的基本特点,提炼出天然林保护公益事业具有外部性、社会性、共享性、无形性和福利性的本质特征。因此,立足创新视角,从制度创新、运作机制创新、技术创新和融资方式创新的角度,提出天然林保护公益事业建设的若干发展路径。

(1)Background--In July 2019,the “ Natural Forest Protection and Restoration System Plan”issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council gradually shifted natural forest protection from periodic and regional engineering measures to long-term and comprehensive public welfare undertakings for the first time,which indicates the natural forest protection project will be changed from national ecological projects into public welfare undertakings.(2)Methods--In the article,the logical analysis method is used to deeply analyze the connotation,characteristics and development process of public welfare undertakings.Then the public welfare undertakings are summarized and deduced,the natural forest protection undertakings and public welfare undertakings are compared to classify and make a comprehensively analysis.Finally the connotation,characteristics and development of natural forest protection public welfare undertakings are put forward.(3)Results--Through the logical analysis method,this article elaborates the theoretical connotation of natural forest protection public welfare undertakings from the basic connotation,characteristics and development process of public welfare,as well as the background,objectives and functional connotation of natural forest protection public welfare undertakings.Comparing the basic characteristics of public welfare undertakings with natural forest protection undertakings and analyzing them,the characteristics of natural forest protection public welfare undertakings include externality,sharing,sociality,invisibility and welfare.On this basis,through the development of natural forest protection public welfare undertakings,reasonable positioning of natural forest protection in the public welfare undertakings reflected in the profound significance,the following development ideas are put forward:The system innovation is the development of natural forest protection public welfare undertakings,including the establishment of a sound legal and policy system,strengthen the public welfare organizations themselves and capacity-building,as well as train the people to participate in the natural forest protection public welfare undertakings system construction.Moreover,the innovation of operation mechanism is a necessary condition for the development of natural forest protection public welfare.In addition,technological innovation is the technical guarantee for the development of natural forest protection public welfare undertakings.What's more,the innovation of financing mode is the necessary guarantee for the development of natural forest protection public welfare.(4)Conclusions and Discussions--Through the comparison of natural forest protection with public welfare undertakings,it was found that there are similarities between natural forest protection and public welfare undertakings in the nature of externality,sociality,sharing,intangibility and welfare.Therefore,natural forest protection undertakings can play the characteristics of public welfare undertakings to achieve the task of constructing ecological civilization and beautiful China.And it will also gradually transform national ecological project into public welfare undertaking,as well as achieve undertakings of full participation,common construction,and common benefit.In order to achieve the goal,the research on the public welfare undertakings of natural forest protection will be the focus and hot issue of scholars in future.In addition,the research on the operation mechanism,laws and regulations and safeguard measures will be the main research direction of scholars.