胃肠道间质瘤诊疗进展

Research progress of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor

胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)是消化道来源最常见的间质性肿瘤。早期组织学诊断和早期手术切除小范围病变是目前最可靠的治疗手段。然而,GIST临床症状缺乏特异性,早期难以诊断,且对放化疗均不敏感,治疗后易复发和转移。随着肿瘤现代分子遗传学取得的巨大进步,靶向治疗成为GIST治疗的标杆。近年来现代外科及内镜的广泛发展,使GIST可以通过传统开腹手术、腹腔镜手术、消化内镜下手术、腹腔镜联合内镜手术、分子靶向治疗、免疫治疗等方式进行治疗。本文主要对近年来有关GIST的诊治进展进行综述。

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract.Early histological diagnosis and early surgical resection of small-scale lesions are currently the most reliable treatments.However,the clinical symptoms of GIST lack specificity,its early diagnosis is difficult,it is not sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and it is easy to relapse and metastasize after treatment.With the development of modern molecular genetics of tumors,targeted therapy has become the benchmark for GIST therapy.As well as the extensive development of modern surgery and endoscopy in recent years,GIST can be treated by traditional laparotomy,laparoscopic surgery,digestive endoscopic surgery,laparoscopic combined endoscopic surgery,molecular targeted therapy,and immunotherapy.This article reviews the recent progress of diagnosis and treatment of GIST.