渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷油藏地震描述有效性技术研究

Effective techniques for seismic description of reservoirs in Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay Basin

通过大量钻井与地震资料的对比分析,提出了渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷现阶段5种油藏类型三维地震描述的有效技术系列。基于高精度等时地层格架的保幅拓频处理、叠前叠后敏感属性融合应用、含油气性综合判识等是河道砂岩油藏地震描述的有效技术。测井约束层序细分、沉积微相随机模拟结合阻抗岩相概率体识别沉积微相与岩石相、相控约束多参数预测有效储层等技术,可有效应用于砂砾岩扇体油藏的地震描述。在提高分辨率处理的基础上,采用多属性融合技术,可以预测滩坝砂岩油藏的有效储层。甜点属性、地震波形指示反演、叠前弹性参数反演、岩性概率反演等技术,可有效描述浊积砂岩油藏。通过断层增强处理,应用多属性体联合识别断层,进行断层平面组合优化、空间立体解释等可以精细刻画复杂断块油藏。技术有效性是随着地震资料精度和品质以及地质条件的变化而变化的。

A series of 3D seismic descriptions for five reservoir types in the Jiyang Depression of Bohai Bay Basin was proposed based on the comparison and analysis of a large amount of drilling and seismic data.The effective techniques for seismic description of channel sandstone reservoirs include amplitude preserving and frequency extension processing based on highprecision isochronous stratigraphic framework,fusion of prestack and poststack sensitive attributes,and comprehensive identification of oil and gas potential.Logging constrained sequence subdivision,sedimentary microfacies and lithofacies identifications by stochastic simulation and probability body subdivision of impedance lithofacies,and phase constrained multiparameter prediction of effective reservoir can be effectively applied to seismic description of a conglomeritic fan reservoir.On the basis of improving processing resolution,multiattribute fusion technology can effectively predict the effective beach bar sandstone reservoirs.The techniques such as“sweet spot”attribute analysis,seismic waveform indication inversion,prestack elastic parameter inversion,lithology probability inversion can effectively describe turbidite sandstone reservoirs.Fault enhancement processing,multiattribute body joint identification of faults,optimization of fault plane combination and spatial threedimensional interpretation can precisely describe complex fault block reservoirs.The technical effectiveness varies with the accuracy and quality of seismic data and the changes of geological conditions.