农村金融体制改革:从政府主导到政府有限监管--基于中外农村金融发展史的视角

Rural Financial System Reform:From Government-Led to Limited Government Supervision—Based on the Perspective of the Development History of Chinese and Foreign Rural Finance

本文旨在立足于农村金融制度的内在逻辑,从历史的视角审视改革开放以来的农村金融体制改革,通过比较德、法、美等欧美国家、中国国民政府农村金融体系的建设以及新中国政府改革开放以来的农村金融体制改革,指出中国农村金融诸多问题的症结可归结为合作金融无从真正建立,根本原因在于合作制所强调以民主管理为基础的基层合作社的独立性与政府的主导和管制之间存在矛盾。解决之道则需要政府从主导和管制向有限监管演变。

Based on the internal logic of rural financial system,this paper examines the rural financial system reform since the reform and opening up from a historical perspective.By comparing the construction of rural financial system of European and American countries such as Germany,France,and the United States,and the Chinese National Government,and the reform of rural financial system since the reform and opening up of the new Chinese government,this paper points out the crux of many problems in China’s rural finance can be attributed to the fact that cooperative finance can’t really be established.The fundamental reason lies in the contradiction between the independence of the grassroots cooperatives based on democratic management emphasized by the cooperative system and the government’s dominance and control.The solution lies in the government’s evolution from dominance and regulation to limited supervision.