回归自然:人造岩石固化核素的思考与进展

Radionuclides from Nature to Nature:Recent Progress in Immobilization of High Level Nuclear Wastes in SYNROC

核工业生产、核能开发、核武器研制等不可避免会产生放射性废物,高放废物是现存放射性废物中最难处理的废物之一。随着我国“积极发展核电”战略的实施,放射性废物的安全有效处理处置成为关系到我国核能可持续发展的关键问题。人造岩石固化体(SYNROC)弥补了玻璃固化体低化学耐久性和亚稳态性能的缺点。本文在综述人造岩石固化的概念、候选矿物固化体分类的基础上,重点介绍了SYNROC固化体快速合成方法、固核机理和长期稳定性评价等方面的最新研究进展。“道阻且长,行则将至”。最后,指出了SYNROC固化存在的不足,并针对今后应重点关注的研究方向与发展趋势提出了建议。

The production of nuclear energy,the development of nuclear energy,and the development of nuclear weapons inevitably produce radioactive waste among which the existing high-level radioactive waste is one of the most difficult to deal with.With the implementation of“actively developing nuclear power”strategy in China,the safe and effective disposal of radioactive waste has become a key issue in addressing the sustainable development of nuclear power.SYNROC solidification is considered as the ideal medium material for the second generation of solidified high-level radioactive waste.Based on the review of the concept of synroc solidification and the classification of candidate mineral host,we mainly introduce the latest research progress in the rapid synthesis method of SYNROC,the nucleation mechanism,and the long-term stability evaluation,in the path that though the road is hindered and long,the line is approaching if striving forward.Finally,the existing weakness of SYNROC curing is pointed out,and the research direction and development trend that should be paid attention to in the future are proposed.