多赢家投票理论的研究进展

Survey on Multi-winner Voting Theory

随着智能时代的到来,集体决策的方式也在发生着改变,人们不再满足于单一的决策结果,需要多个赢家共同组成的委员会成为获胜集合,并将此集合应用于推荐系统、搜索引擎、政策表决以及企业决策等领域。多赢家投票理论最大的优点是决策成本低并且决策效率高,是非常优秀的集体决策方法。多赢家投票理论的研究核心在于找到适合不同应用场景的多赢家投票规则。文中分别介绍了两个大类的多赢家决策方法,即委员会得票规则和基于投赞成票的多赢家投票规则,这两类规则分别代表了两种不同类型的多赢家投票理论的研究方向。文中在建立逻辑模型的基础上分别详细介绍了几种极具代表性的多赢家投票规则,通过对目前有影响力的文献进行梳理,尝试对多赢家投票理论的发展趋势进行探讨,以期帮助更多研究者利用该理论解决实践中出现的问题。

With the advent of the intelligent age,the way of collective decision-making is also changing.People are no longer satis-fied with a single-winner decision result,but need a committee which is composed of multiple winners as a winner set,and this committee set is applied to the recommendation system and search engine,policy vote and corporate decision-making,etc.The biggest advantage of the multi-winner voting theory is that the decision cost is low and the decision efficiency is quite high,which is an excellent collective decision method.The research core of multi-winner voting theory lies in finding multi-winner voting rules which are suitable for different application scenarios.This paper introduces two categories of multi-winner decision-making methods,the committee’s voting rules and the multi-winner voting rules based on approval voting.The two types of rules represent the research directions of two different types of multi-winner voting theory.This paper explains the representative multi-winner voting rules under the two categories of rules based on the establishment of a logic model,and tries to discuss the development trend of the multi-winner voting theory by sorting out the current influential literatures.It is expected to help more researchers to solve problems in practice with this theory.