核聚变堆用结构材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Structural Materials for Nuclear Fusion Reactors

材料是目前限制聚变能发展的一个重要因素,满足苛刻环境要求的结构材料的开发及性能检测成为目前研究的热点。介绍了奥氏体不锈钢、低活化铁素体马氏体钢、钒基合金、SiCf/SiC复合材料的研究现状和进展。面向更高辐照水平的聚变堆,目前已有的结构材料可能无法满足需求。一方面需要借助材料设计和制备的新理念、新方法不断挖掘现有材料的性能潜力,另一方面应重视具有潜在优势的低活化高熵合金新型材料的研发。

Material is an important factor limiting the development of fusion energy.The design and performance tests of structural materials that meet the requirements of harsh environment have become the current research hotspot.The research status and progress of austenitic stainless steel,low activation ferritic martensitic steel,vanadium-based alloy and SiCf/SiC composite are introduced.For the fusion reactor with higher radiation level,the current structural materials may not satisfy the requirements.On the one hand,it is necessary to explore the potential of existing materials with the help of new ideas and methods of material design and preparation.On the other hand,it is necessary to pay attention to researching and developing low activation and high-entropy new materials with potential advantages.