我国农业全要素生产率分解及其区域发展不平衡分析

Decomposition and Regional Gap of Agricultural Total Factor Productivity in China

农业全要素生产率是传统农业向现代农业转变的重要标识。探讨农业全要素生产率的增长模式和空间特征对农业经济可持续发展、协调发展、现代农业体系建设等具有重要现实意义。运用随机前沿超越对数生产函数对农业全要素生产率进行了测算,并利用核密度估计分析了中国农业全要素生产率增长的地区差距及动态演进。结果表明:农业全要素生产率增长呈现出技术进步和技术效率改善的事实特征,并且表现出地区之间增长的不平衡性;从全国来看,我国农业全要素生产率增长的地区差距表现出扩大趋势,并开始显现出两极分化现象;从地区来看,在考察期内,东部和东北地区农业TFP增长的地区差距表现出缩小的趋势,但东部地区存在多级分化趋势,东北地区两级分化现象较为明显,中部地区农业TFP增长的地区差距逐渐变大,西部地区农业TFP增长的地区差距小幅度增大且存在两极分化趋势。

Agricultural total factor productivity is an important symbol of the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.It is of great practical significance to explore the growth pattern and spatial characteristics of agricultural total factor productivity for the sustainable development and coordinated development of agricultural economy,and the construction of modern agricultural system.The stochastic frontier translog production function is used to calculate the agricultural total factor productivity,and kernel density estimation is used to analyze the regional gap and dynamic evolution of agricultural total factor productivity growth in China.The results show that the growth of agricultural total factor productivity demonstrates the characteristics of technological progress and technical efficiency improvement,and shows the imbalance of regional growth.From the perspective of the whole country,the regional gap of agricultural total factor productivity growth in China shows a widening trend and begins to appear polarization.From the regional perspective,during the survey period,the regional gap between the east and the northeast shows a trend of gradual narrowing,but east region has a trend of multistage differentiation,and the polarization is more obvious in the northeast.The regional gap in the central region gradually increases,while the regional gap in the western region increases slightly and there is a trend of polarization.