基于多源数据的“安全公正空间”在大通湖流域环境管理中的应用

APPLICATION OF“SAFE AND JUST OPERATING SPACE”BASED ON MULTISOURCE DATA IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF DATONG LAKE CATCHMENT

如何在确保生态系统安全的同时有效地开发和利用资源、保障人类福祉是当前面临的挑战。近年来兴起的“安全公正空间”(Safe and Just Operating Space,SJOS)理论框架为人类可持续发展提供了有效的评估方法,即充分利用自然资源来提高人类社会福祉的同时确保环境生态安全。研究以长江中下游地区大通湖流域为例,根据流域内的社会经济数据、环境监测数据和湖泊沉积记录,从社会基础和环境系统两个方面构建该流域的SJOS框架,并利用环境库兹涅兹曲线来揭示总体环境变化特征。结果表明:流域内淡水利用、空气质量、水质均突破环境上限,处于危险的状态,此外流域内无贫困和产业创新两个社会基础维度的完成度相对较低。环境库兹涅兹曲线揭示了大通湖流域内社会-生态系统大致分为初始阶段(1950s—1980s)、严重退化阶段(1980s—2000s)和逐步改善(2000s后)三个阶段。研究为维持区域可持续发展提供了重要的参考信息,同时也为区域SJOS框架的构建提供了一种有效的方法。

In recent years,the contradiction between socio-economic development and environmental protection has become increasingly acute.With the increased demand of natural resources,environmental states have undergone significant changes,and even irreversible degradation has occurred.It is a great challenge to effectively utilize resources and ensure human welfare.The Safe and Just Operating Space(SJOS)theoretical framework that has emerged in recent years provides an effective assessment method for sustainable human development to maintain the safe and fair use of natural resources while ensuring the safety of the environment and ecology.This study chosen the Datong Lake catchment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to analyze the characteristics of the Environmental Kuznets Curve in the catchment.The SJOS framework of the catchment was constructed from two aspects:social foundation and environmental system.The results showed that the social-ecological system in the Datong Lake catchment can be roughly divided into three stages:the preliminary development stage(1950s—1980s),the degradation stage(1980s—2000s),and the recovery stage(post 2000s).The freshwater use,air quality,and water quality in the catchment have surpassed environmental limits and are in dangerous states.In addition,the two social basic dimensions of poverty eradication and industrial innovation in the river catchment is relatively low.This study provides important information for maintaining regional sustainable development,and is also an effective method for constructing regional SJOS framework.