藜麦籽粒压缩力学特性的试验研究

Experiment and Study on Compression Mechanical Properties of Quinoa Grains

为减少藜麦籽粒在收获与生产加工中受压缩而产生的破裂、破碎等机械损伤,通过对不同粒级的藜麦籽粒进行不同方位的静力压缩,研究藜麦籽粒在受压时的力学特性及与其基本物性参数间的关系。为此,测定了“蒙藜2号”的几何尺寸、球度等基本物性参数,并结合赫兹接触理论探究了不同压缩方位下粒级对受压籽粒力学特性的影响。试验结果显示:藜麦籽粒不同方位受压时,随粒级增大其破裂力、破裂能先增大后趋于平稳,弹性模量和最大破裂应力则存在先增大后减小的变化趋势。经方差分析可知:粒级变化对藜麦籽粒的最大破裂应力存在显著影响,且同粒级藜麦籽粒水平方位下的抗压能力大于垂直方位。结合试验结果与相关分析,可为藜麦收获及加工机械的设计与优化提供参考。

In order to reduce the mechanical damage of quinoa grains in harvesting and processing,such as breakage and crushing caused by compression load,this paper studied the mechanical properties of quinoa grains under compression and the relationship between the mechanical properties of quinoa grains and the basic physical parameters of the grains by static compression in different directions.Therefore,the geometric size,sphericity and other basic physical parameters of the experimental material"Meng Li 2"were measured in this study and the effects of grain grade on the mechanical properties of compressed grains under different compression directions were studied by Hertz contact theory.The results showed that when quinoa grains were compressed in different directions,the breaking force first increased and the breaking energy first increased and then stabilized with the increase of grain grade,while the apparent elastic modulus and the maximum breaking stress increased first and then decreased.The analysis of variance showed that the change of grain grade had a significant effect on the maximum breaking stress of quinoa grains,and the compressive capacity of quinoa grains with the same grain size in horizontal direction was greater than that in vertical direction.Combined with the experimental results and correlation analysis,it can provide reference for the design and optimization of quinoa harvesting and processing machinery.