两个相似路径台风造成山东降水明显差异的成因分析

Analysis on causes of distinct precipitation features in Shandong caused by two typhoons with similar tracks

利用常规气象资料、自动气象站资料、气象卫星资料及NCEP FNL 1°×1°再分析资料对以相似路径影响山东的登陆北上类台风“利奇马”(1909)和“桃芝”(0108)进行对比分析,得到以下主要结论:1)暴雨分布特征和强度与热带气旋位置存在显著差异。2)中纬度台风暴雨比较复杂,台风降水地形增幅作用尽管明显,但主要与台风结构和强度差异有关。3)小时最大雨量与台风强弱没有必然联系,强降水维持时间长短是“利奇马”与“桃芝”累计降水有较大差别的重要因素。4)环流形势的显著差异是导致两个台风影响山东时间、降水明显不同的一个重要原因。5)“利奇马”和“桃芝”降水水汽输送条件差异是降水分布存在明显差异的重要因素,动力条件也存在明显差异。6)对流有效位能(convective available potential energy,CAPE)在两次台风暴雨中反应效果不同。

Using conventional meteorological data,data of automatic meteorological stations and satellites,and NCEP FNL reanalysis data(1°×1°),a comparative analysis is conducted on Typhoon LEKIMA(2019)and TORAJI(2001)which affected Shandong Province with similar tracks,and the results are as follows.1)There are significant differences in the distribution and intensity of rainstorms and the locations of tropical cyclones.2)Typhoon rainstorms are complex in the middle latitudes.Though the typhoon precipitation increases obviously caused by the topography,it is mainly related to the differences in typhoon structure and intensity.3)There is no inevitable connection between the maximum hourly precipitation and typhoon intensity.The duration of heavy precipitation is an important factor for the distinct cumulative precipitation between LEKIMA and TORAJI.4)The significant differences in circulation patterns are important reasons for different duration and precipitation in Shandong Province caused by the two typhoons.5)The distinct water vapor transport conditions account for the obvious difference in precipitation distribution between LEKIMA and TORAJI,and the dynamic conditions are obviously different as well.6)CAPE(convective available potential energy)performs differently in the two typhoons'heavy rain.