甘蓝采后整修系统自动调向装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Automatic Orientation Device for Post-harvest Cabbage Trimming System

针对甘蓝自然状态下根部姿态不一致、难以高通量采后整修处理的问题,设计了一种甘蓝采后整修系统自动调向装置,以提高甘蓝采后整修处理效率并降低人工成本。装置主要包括驱动电机、链传动机构、齿轮齿条副、辊轮调向机构、图像检测机构及机架。结合“中甘15号”甘蓝物理特性参数,对甘蓝在辊轮调向机构上的运动状态及甘蓝的受力情况进行了理论分析,确定了辊轮直径等关键部件结构参数及辊轮转速等关键作业参数范围。在ADAMS仿真软件中进行了甘蓝自动调向作业运动学仿真分析,并试制自动调向装置进行了验证试验。结果表明:设计的甘蓝采后整修系统自动调向装置采用机械结构实现了甘蓝根部的自动调向;当辊轮直径为80.00mm、辊轮径向间距为53.35mm、辊轮轴向间距为53.35mm、辊轮转速为2.96rad/s时,甘蓝调向成功率为92%,基本满足甘蓝采后整修处理作业需求。

Aiming at the problem that the roots of cabbage are inconsistent in the natural state,and it is difficult to perform high-throughput post-harvest trimming,an automatic orientation device for post-harvest cabbage trimming system was designed to improve the efficiency and reduce labor costs.The device is mainly composed of a driving motor,a chain transmission mechanism,a rack and pinion pair,a roller orientation mechanism,an image detection mechanism and a base frame.Based on the physical characteristics of"Zhonggan No.15"cabbage,the theoretical analysis of the movement state of the cabbage on the roller orientation mechanism and the force of the cabbage were carried out.The key operating parameters ranges and the structural parameters of the key components such as the diameter and the speed of the roller were determined.Kinematics simulation analysis of automatic orientation of cabbage in ADAMS software was carried out,and the automatic orientation device is trial-produced and the verification test is performed.The test results show that the designed automatic orientation device of the post-harvest refurbishment system adopts a mechanical structure to realize the automatic orientation of the cabbage roots;when the diameter of the roller is 80.00mm,the radial distance between the rollers is 53.35mm,and the axial distance between the rollers is 53.35 mm,when the rotation speed of the roller is 2.96 rad/s,the success rate of orientation of the cabbage is 92%,which basically meets the needs of post-harvest trimming treatment.