小浪底水库调水调沙后续动力不足原因和对策

Causes and Countermeasures of Insufficient Follow⁃Up Power for Waterand Sediment Regulation in Xiaolangdi Reservoir

小浪底水库是现状黄河水沙调控体系的核心,为完善黄河水沙调控机制,需研究小浪底水库调水调沙后续动力不足的原因及增强对策。以小浪底水库调水调沙实践为基础,分析入库水沙条件和库区排沙规律、调水调沙动力不足的特征和原因;研究增强小浪底水库后续动力的要求,包括降低水位冲刷、保持有效库容、协调下游水沙关系等,需要中游水库塑造适宜的洪水过程,实现水沙有效对接、合理搭配;结合黄河水沙调控体系工程现状和规划,提出了增强调水调沙后续动力的措施,认为现状工程在增强小浪底水库调水调沙后续动力方面存在较大制约,建设古贤水库是解决小浪底水库调水调沙后续动力不足的首选措施,可使小浪底水库调水调沙后续动力得到有效补充。

The Xiaolangdi Reservoir is the core of the current Yellow River water and sediment regulation system.In order to improve the Yellow River water and sediment regulation mechanism,it is necessary to study the causes and enhancement measures for the insufficient fol⁃low⁃up power for water and sediment regulation in Xiaolangdi Reservoir.Based on the practice of water and sediment regulation in Xiaolangdi Reservoir,this paper analyzed the incoming conditions of water and sediment in the reservoir and the rule of sediment discharge in the reser⁃voir area,and clarified the characteristics and reasons of insufficient power for water and sediment regulation.Also,it studied themeasures to enhance the follow⁃up power of Xiaolangdi Reservoir,including lowering the water level for erosion,effective storage capacity maintenance,coordination of downstream water⁃sediment relations,etc.,which required sufficient flood processes to achieve effective and rational water⁃sediment relation of midstream reservoirs.Combined with the current situation and the planning of the Yellow River water⁃sediment regulation system,the enhancement measures of follow⁃up power for water and sediment regulation were proposed.It believed that the current projects had major constraints in enhancing the follow⁃up power for water and sediment regulation in Xiaolangdi Reservoir.The construction of the Guxian Reservoir was the first choice to solve the lack of follow⁃up power for water and sediment regulation in Xiaolangdi Reservoir,to effec⁃tively supply the follow⁃up power of water and sediment regulation in Xiaolangdi Reservoir.