微小RNA对肿瘤微环境T细胞免疫调节作用研究的新进展

New advances in study of immunomodulatory effects of microRNA on T cells in tumor microenvironment

微小RNA(miRNA)是一类新近发现的小的、内源性的、进化上高度保守的单链非编码RNA,主要在基因表达的转录后水平起作用。自第1个miRNA被发现以来,至今已发现并通过实验验证的与人类遗传信息相关的miRNAs超过500个,这些miRNAs涉及多种细胞的生理病理过程。尤其是miRNAs对肿瘤微环境中T细胞介导的抗肿瘤免疫应答的调控作用,已成为近年来研究者们关注的焦点。miRNAs的靶网络是庞大且复杂的,涉及多种信号分子和信号通路。本文分别从调节/抑制T细胞、辅助T细胞及细胞毒性T细胞3个T细胞亚群综述了miRNAs对肿瘤微环境中T细胞的免疫调节作用。

MicroRNA(miRNA)is a newly discovered small,endogenous,evolutionarily highly conserved single-strand non-coding RNA,which plays a key regulatory role at post-transcriptional level of gene expression.Since the first miRNA was discovered,more than 500 miRNAs related to human genetic information have been discovered and verified by experiments,and these miRNAs are involved in a variety of cellular physiological and pathological processes.In particular,regulatory effect of miRNAs on T cell mediated anti-tumor immune response in tumor microenvironment has become the focus of researchers in recent years.The target network of miRNAs is large and complex,involving a variety of signal molecules and signaling pathways.In this paper,the immunomodulatory effects of miRNAs on T cell in tumor microenvironment were reviewed from 3 T cell subsets including regulatory/suppressor T cell,helper T cell and cytotoxic T cell.