济南市大气颗粒物短期暴露对老年人群血清淀粉样蛋白P组分影响的定群研究

Panel Study on Effects of Short-Term Exposure of Particulate Matters on Human Serum Amyloid P Component

为了解济南市不同粒径大气颗粒物暴露对老年人群血清淀粉样蛋白P组分(SAP)的急性影响,评估大气颗粒物暴露对人群神经系统的健康风险,以山东省济南市甸柳社区为研究地点,采用定群研究设计,对社区76名健康老年人进行5次重复测量,结合社区附近(<2 km)环保监测超级站的PM2.5和PM 10浓度数据,在控制年龄、性别等协变量情况下,利用线性混合效应模型分别分析PM2.5和PM 10暴露对SAP的效应影响.结果表明:大气颗粒物短期暴露与老年人群SAP的升高呈正相关;PM2.5累积滞后0~6 h,每升高1个四分位数间距(IQR),SAP水平升高18.73%(95%CI为9.20%~29.08%)(FDR H-P<0.05)(其中,CI为可信区间,FDR H-P为经多重校正后的P值);PM 10累积滞后0~6 h,每升高1个IQR,SAP水平亦升高,但变化不显著(FDR H-P>0.05).研究显示,大气颗粒物暴露可以引起人群反应神经退行性病变的SAP指标升高,提示大气颗粒物对人群神经系统具有潜在威胁;PM2.5对SAP的效应高于PM 10,提示小粒径颗粒物具有较高的健康危害,应加强对小粒径颗粒物的健康影响和干预防护研究.

In order to understand the acute effects of different sizes of particulate matters on the serum amyloid P component(SAP)of elderly population and to assess the health risks of atmospheric particulate matters exposure,the Dianliu Community in Jinan City,Shandong Province was chosen as the research site.By using a panel study design,five repeated measurements were performed on 76 healthy elderly people in this community.PM2.5 and PM 10 exposure data were collected from the environmental monitoring stations near the community(<2 km).The impact of PM2.5 and PM 10 exposures on SAP were analyzed with the control of age,gender and other covariates via using a linear mixed-effects model.The results showed that there was a positive correlation between short-term exposure to atmospheric particulate matter and the increase of SAP.Specifically,with accumulative lag of 0-6 hours,the level of SAP increased by 18.73%(95%CI:9.20%-29.08%)(FDR H-P<0.05)for every increase of 1 interquartile range(IQR)in PM2.5.With accumulative lag of 0-6 hours,the level of SAP also increased but not significant for every increase of 1 IQR in PM 10(FDR H-P>0.05).This study reveals that exposure to atmospheric particles matters may increase the biomarkers of neurodegenerative disease SAP,indicating that atmospheric particles pose a potential threat to the human nervous system.The effect of PM2.5 on SAP is higher than that of PM 10,suggesting that smaller particles may have higher health hazards,so research on the adverse health effects of PM2.5 should be strengthened.