新疆3082例肺癌住院患者病理类型分布特点

Histological characteristics of 3 082 patients with lung cancer in xinjiang

目的分析3 082例肺癌患者的临床流行病学资料,了解新疆地区肺癌发病病理类型分布特点。方法收集2015年1月—2019年12月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院初诊肺癌病例的一般资料包括患者的性别、民族、年龄、城乡来源、病理类型等,进行对比分析。结果共纳入3 082例肺癌患者,男女比例为2.13∶1,60~69岁龄段患者居多,增长速度每年以2.69%上升。2015年—2019年间,腺癌为女性肺癌高发类型(χ^2=243.248,P=0.000),男性鳞癌构成比明显高于腺癌(χ^2=49.717,P=0.000)。青年以腺癌为主,老年患者鳞癌构成比最高(χ^2=73.478,P=0.000)。腺癌构成比城市高于农村,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=26.947,P=0.000)。农村患者中鳞癌构成比高于城市,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=70.590,P=0.000)。肺癌病理类型中,腺癌在汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族、回族以及其他民族当中构成比差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=10.552,P=0.032)。结论新疆地区汉族与其他少数民族肺癌患者在病理学方面有其特点,要普及肺癌防治知识,进一步加强高危人群进行定期体检和预防筛查。

Objective Retrospectively analyze the Histological Characteristics of 3082 patients with lung cancer in order to preliminarily understand the Histological characteristics In Xinjiang. Methods Related to the aspects of gender,nationality,age,city and village sources and pathological types statistical analysis was performed in 3082 cases of patients with lung cancer from 2015 to 2019 who visited to Xinjiang medical university first affiliated hospital. Results A total of 3082 patients with lung cancer were enrolled,with a male-to-female ratio of 2. 13∶ 1. Most patients were aged 60-69,and the growth rate increased by 2. 69% every year. From 2015 to 2019,adenocarcinoma was a high-incidence type of lung cancer in women( χ^2= 243. 248,P = 0. 000),and the proportion of male squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of adenocarcinoma( χ^2= 49. 717,P = 0. 000). Adenocarcinoma is predominant among young people,and squamous cell carcinoma is the highest in elderly patients( χ^2= 73. 478,P = 0. 000). The composition of adenocarcinoma is higher than that in the rural areas,and the difference is statistically significant( χ^2= 26. 947,P = 0. 000). The proportion of squamous cell carcinoma in rural patients was higher than that in urban patients,and the difference was statistically significant( χ^2=70. 590,P = 0. 000). Among the pathological types of lung cancer,the proportion of adenocarcinoma among Han,Uygur,Kazakh,Hui and other ethnic groups is statistically significant( χ^2= 10. 552,P = 0. 032). Conclusion The Histological Characteristics of primary lung cancer patients of ethnic minorities and Han in Xinjiang has its own characteristics. Knowledge of prevention and treatment of lung cancer should be popularized. Regular physical examination and preventive screening should be further strengthened for high-risk groups.