“必仁且智”的教育学阐释——兼及中国教育思想文本的研读方法

The Pedagogical Explanation of“Benevolence and Wisdom”and Text Reading Method of China’s Educational Thought

《必仁且智》是董仲舒《春秋繁露》的第三十篇,其中"仁""智"及其在行动中统一的思想不仅辩证而且深刻。就文本自身来说,文字简练,说理通透,应该说可阐释的余地较小。但是,这样的文本倒可以作为思索阐释方法的中介。通过对《必仁且智》文本的阐释,其蕴含的教育学意义得以显现,而且使我们获得了文本阐释方法论上的感悟。这种感悟可以概括为具有内在联系的三个原则,它们分别是整体与部分的互参、历史与理论的结合和理解与创造的融汇。

"Benevolence and Wisdom"is the thirtieth chapter of Dong Zhongshu’s Chunqiu Fanlu,in which the thought of"benevolence"and"wisdom"and their unity in action are not only dialectical but also profound.As far as the text itself is concerned,the wording is concise,reasonable and transparent,and it should be said that the room for interpretation is small.However,such a text can serve as a medium for thinking about interpretive methods.Through the interpretation of the text of"Benevolence and wisdom",the pedagogical significance of the text is revealed,and we get the enlightenment of the methodology of text interpretation.This kind of enlightenment is summed up as three principles with internal connection,which are the mutual reference of the whole and the part,the combination of history and theory,and the fusion of understanding and creation.