孤独症谱系障碍儿童微营养素缺乏的监测和干预原则

Principles of monitoring and intervention for micronutrient deficiency in children with autism spectrum disorder

孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是常见的复杂神经发育障碍疾病,尚无特效治疗,临床主要以行为干预为主,给患者家庭和社会造成了巨大的经济负担。ASD病因不清,公认是复杂遗传背景与环境危险因素相互作用的结果,从而导致ASD患者临床表现各异。目前的证据表明,营养不良,尤其是宫内及生后早期的微营养素不足可能与ASD的发病及临床表现存在一定关联。保证孕期微营养素充足,加强对ASD儿童进行微营养素监测,及时合理地进行干预,在一定程度上可能减少ASD的发病及改善ASD儿童的行为。

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a common and complex neurodevelopmental disorder for which there is no specific treatment and the clinical practice is mainly based on behavioral interventions,causing a huge economic burden to the families and society.The etiology of ASD is unclear and is recognized as the result of interaction of a complex genetic background with environmental risk factors,resulting in different clinical manifestations of children with ASD.Current evidence suggests that malnutrition,especially micronutrient deficiencies in utero and in early postnatal period,may be associated with the onset and clinical manifestations of ASD.These measures,including ensuring sufficient micronutrients during pregnancy,strengthening micronutrient monitoring for ASD children,and timely and reasonable intervention,may reduce the incidence of ASD and improve the behaviors of children with ASD to some extent.