中学生网络沉溺现状及其与抑郁水平的关系

Internet indulgence and its relation with depression in the middle and high school students

目的了解中学生网络沉溺现状及其与抑郁水平的关系,为开展中学生网络成瘾三级预防提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,于2018年1—6月在北京市随机抽取4 500名中学生,采用现场调查法调查其网络沉溺情况、抑郁情况等。结果在4 234份有效问卷中,显示具有网络可替代性差、优先性高、游戏需求大,日均上网不少于4 h特质的占比分别为22.19%,19.62%,18.60%和21.37%。网络沉溺程度相对较重的组,其上网行为中选择玩游戏的比例也较高。有43.33%自觉有网络成瘾行为,家长是其最主要的求助对象。网络优先性高(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.36~1.95)、网络游戏需求大(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.10~1.60)、日均上网时长长(2~3 h/d:OR=1.40,95%CI:1.09~1.80;3~4 h/d:OR=1.32,95%CI:1.01~1.75;≥4 h/d:OR=1.80,95%CI:1.38~2.36)是中学生抑郁的独立危险因素。结论中学生网络沉溺情况不容乐观,网络成瘾可能是中学生抑郁的风险因素,家长应加强预防中学生网络成瘾。

Objective To explore the status of internet indulgence and the relations between internet indulgence and depression among middle and high school students, so as to provide reference for three-grade prevention. Methods A total of 4 500 students in Beijing participated in this survey from January,2018 to June,2018 by multistage cluster sampling.Based on field survey, students′ internet indulgence, depression and other relevant data were collected. Results In 4 234 valid questionnaires, the percentages of students with features of poor fungibility of internet, high priority order for internet,high demand of internet game,and surfing the internet not less than 4 hours per day were 22.19%, 19.62%, 18.60% and 21.37%, respectively.The group with relatively heavy internet addiction also had a higher proportion of playing games online.And 43.33% perceived themselves to be addicted to the Internet, with parents being their main recourse.High priority order for internet(OR=1.63, 95%CI:1.36-1.95), high demand for online game(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.10-1.60),and surfing the internet for a long time(2-3 hours per day:OR=1.40, 95%CI:1.09-1.80;3-4 hours per day:OR=1.32, 95%CI:1.01-1.75;≥4 hours per day:OR=1.80,95%CI:1.38-2.36) were independent risk factors of depression among the middle and high school students. Conclusions Internet indulgence become a severe situation in the middle and high school students, which might become the risk factor of depression,so parents should pay more attention to the prevention of internet addiction.