间充质干细胞调控炎性巨噬细胞极化的机制研究进展

Research Progress in Mechanism of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulating Polarization of Inflammatory Macrophages

间充质干细胞(MSCs)是具有多向分化潜能的干/祖细胞,广泛应用于再生医学试验过程中,其免疫调节和抗纤维化活性逐渐受到关注。在炎症反应中,移植的MSCs介导M1型巨噬细胞向M2型巨噬细胞转化,进而调控炎症反应、维持组织稳态、促进炎症反应组织修复和再生。MSCs通过白细胞介素-10、诱导型一氧化氮合酶、吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶、前列腺素E 2等途径,以旁分泌形式影响巨噬细胞极化;此外,转化生长因子-β1、肿瘤坏死因子-α刺激基因6、调节性T细胞、外泌体等途径亦参与巨噬细胞极化。

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stem/progenitor cells with multidirectional differentiation potential,which have been widely used in the process of regenerative medicine experiments,and their immunomodulatory and anti-fibrotic activities have gradually attracted attention.In the inflammatory response,the transplanted MSCs mediate the transformation of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages,thereby regulating the inflammatory response,maintaining tissue homeostasis,and promoting inflammatory tissue repair and regeneration.MSCs affect the polarization of macrophages by paracrine pathways such as interleukin-10,inducible nitric oxide synthase,indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase,and prostaglandin E 2.Besides,transforming growth factor-β1,tumor necrosis factor-αstimulated gene 6,regulatory T cells,exosomes and other pathways are also involved in the polarization of macrophages.