T淋巴细胞在常见原发性肾小球肾炎中的作用

Role of T Lymphocytes in Common Primary Glomerulonephritis

T淋巴细胞是由骨髓多能干细胞分化,在细胞免疫应答和免疫调节中发挥重要作用的一类异质性细胞。T淋巴细胞与细胞因子相互作用,共同参与肾脏疾病的发生发展。但在不同病理类型的原发性肾小球肾炎中T淋巴细胞的作用不同,辅助性T细胞(Th)17、Th9、Th22细胞能够促进IgA肾病进展,而Th2细胞有望成为膜性肾病的新靶点。Th1和Th17细胞均可介导急性肾小球肾炎。此外,CD8+T淋巴细胞是狼疮肾炎中浸润肾脏的主要细胞。目前,T淋巴细胞在原发性肾小球肾炎中的作用从基础研究到临床应用广泛开展,许多针对T淋巴细胞亚群的免疫调节药物可能为原发性肾小球肾炎的治疗提供新方案。

T lymphocytes are a type of heterogeneous cells differentiated from bone marrow pluripotent stem cells and play an essential role in the body′s cellular immune response and immune regulation.T lymphocytes interact with cytokines and jointly participate in the occurrence and development of kidney disease.However,T lymphocytes′role in different pathological types of glomerular diseases is different,and helper T cell(Th)17,Th9,and Th22 cells can promote the progression of IgA nephropathy.Th2 cells are expected to become a new target for membranous nephropathy.Th1 and Th17 cells can mediate acute glomerulonephritis.CD8+T lymphocytes are the main cells infiltrating the kidney in lupus nephritis.At present,T lymphocytes′research in glomerular diseases has been widely carried out from the basic research to clinical applications.Many novel immunomodulatory drugs targeting T lymphocyte subsets may provide new directions for the treatment of primary glomerulonephritis.