不同透光率纸袋对红肉桃果肉色泽及类胡萝卜素组分的影响

Effects of Paper Pouches of Different Light-transmittance on Fruit Color and Carotenoids Composition of Bagged Red-flesh Peaches

【目的】研究不同透光纸袋处理后对红肉桃果肉色泽及类胡萝卜素成分及其含量的变化。【方法】以红肉桃品种半斤桃为试材,于盛花后40 d分别进行50%透光的黄色单层袋、0透光的外黄内黑双层袋处理,以不处理(100%透光)为对照。分别于盛花后71、82、90、95 d测定半斤桃果肉的色差及类胡萝卜素含量的变化情况。【结果】50%透光处理对果肉B值的影响呈先升后降的趋势,对色差C、H值没有影响,且仅在盛花后82 d时降低了色差A值;0透光处理对果肉色差A、C值没有影响,且仅在果实成熟时降低了色差B、H值;不同透光强度在果实成熟时均显著提高了果肉色差L值。不同透光强度处理对果肉类胡萝卜素5个成分总含量、β-隐黄质、α-胡萝卜素均没有影响;果实成熟时,不同透光强度处理均降低了果肉β-胡萝卜素含量,但50%透光处理显著提高了玉米黄素含量,0透光处理显著提高了叶黄素含量。【结论】在田间栽培生产过程中,可在盛花后40 d对半斤桃进行50%透光套袋处理,提高果肉玉米黄素含量,或用0透光套袋处理,提高果肉叶黄素含量。

【Objective】 Effects of bagging with paper pouches of different light-transmitting property on fruit color and carotenoids composition of red-flesh Banjintao peaches were investigated.【 Method】 Pouches made of yellow-colored,monolayer paper providing 50% light-transmittance and those laminated with a black interior layer to block the sunlight transmission were used to bag the fruits on the peach trees starting 40 d after full bloom. For control, no bagging was applied on the fruits(CK). Chromatic aberration and carotenoid compositions of the peach sarcocarp were measured at 71, 82, 90, and95 d after full bloom.【Result】 The bagging with 50% light-transmitting pouches on the peaches increased Chromatism B of the sarcocarp initially and followed by a decline, did not affect Chromatism C or H, and decreased Chromatism A 82 d after full bloom. The 2-layer pouches, which allowed no light exposure for the fruits, induced no effect on Chromatism A and C, while reduced Chromatism B and H on the ripened peaches. On the other hand, Chromatism L of the sarcocarp rose upon ripening with or without the bagging. The treatments exerted no significant effect on the bagged peaches on the total carotenoids, β-cryptoxanthin or α-carotene in the sarcocarp either. But, as the fruit was ripening, the bagging caused a reduction in the sarcocarp on β-carotene and significantly increased zeaxanthins under 50% light-transmission, as well as, on xanthophylls when the fruits were not exposed to sunlight. 【Conclusion】 In field practice, it was possible to use 50% light-transmitting pouches 40 d after full bloom to bag the fruits on Banjintao peach trees to encourage the production of zeaxanthins, or to apply the 2-layer, no-light-transmission pouches to boost the content of xanthophylls in the sarcocarp.