新冠肺炎住院患者疾病认知状况的相关因素

Illness perception and related factors in patients with COVID-19

目的:分析新冠肺炎住院患者的疾病认知水平及其相关因素。方法:选取某定点医院救治住院的新冠肺炎患者118例,采用自编一般资料调查问卷、自编新冠肺炎相关知识调查问卷及疾病认知调查问卷修订版(IPQ-R)进行调查。结果:与普通内科患者相比,新冠肺炎患者的IPQ-R病程、波动性、后果、情感陈述维度得分较低,而治疗控制、疾病一致性维度得分较高(均P<0.001)。新冠肺炎患者居住地、就诊前服药、活动耐力、睡眠与病程维度有关联(β=-0.23~-0.35),睡眠、疾病知识与波动性维度有关联(β=-0.19、-0.19),家庭月收入、活动耐力、负面影响与后果维度有关联(β=-0.18、-0.22、0.36),家庭月收入、恐慌程度与个人控制维度有关联(β=0.19、-0.23),性别、居住地、就诊前服药、食欲、负面影响与治疗控制维度有关联(β=-0.19、0.31、0.29、0.19、-0.20),家人感染、就诊前自认为感染、情绪状态与疾病一致性维度有关联(β=-0.18、-0.21、0.29),情绪状态、恐慌程度、负面影响与情感陈述维度有关联(β=-0.18、0.36、0.32)。结论:新冠肺炎患者存在一定程度的负性疾病认知,性别、家庭月收入、居住地等多个因素与其疾病认知有关联。

Objective:To evaluate illness perception in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and analyze its related factors.Methods:Totally 118 patients with COVID-19 from a designated hospital in Hunan Province were included in this study.They were assessed with the self-compiled general information questionnaire,Self-compiled COVID-19 Relevant Knowledge Questionnaire(SCRK-Q),and Revised Illness Perceptions Questionnaire(IPQ-R).Results:Compared with normal patients with internal disease,COVID-19 patients had lower scores of course of disease,fluctuation,consequence and emotional statement and higher scores of treatment control and disease consistency(P<0.001).Residence,taking medicine before see a doctor,activity endurance and sleep were associated with cognitive course of dimension(β=-0.23--0.35).Sleep and COVID-19 disease knowledge were associated with volatility dimensions(β=-0.19,-0.19).Family income,activity endurance and negative impacts were associated with consequences dimensions(β=-0.18,-0.22,0.36).Family income and panic level was associated with individual control dimensions(β=0.19,-0.23).Gender,residence,taking medicine before see a doctor,appetite and negative impacts were associated with treatment control dimensions(β=-0.19,0.31,0.29,0.19,-0.20).Having infected family member,assuming being affected before going to hospital and the emotional state were associated with disease consistency dimension(β=-0.18,-0.21,0.29).Emotional state,panic level,and negative effects were associated with the dimension of emotional statement(β=-0.18,0.36,0.32).Conclusion:It suggests that patients with COVID-19 have negative cognition about the disease.Their illness perceptions areassociated with many factors such as gender,family income and residence.