陈独秀在五四运动过程中的舆论导向作用探微

Chen Duxiu's Guiding Role of Public Opinion in the May 4th Movement

被誉为“五四运动的总司令”的陈独秀,在五四运动爆发后的一个多月时间里,依托他所创办的《每周评论》杂志,发表了大量的文章和短评。这些文章体现了陈独秀的政治主张,也体现了他对于五四运动发展方向的期望。如果梳理五四运动的发展进程和陈独秀发表言论的时间线,其中有三篇文章《为山东问题敬告各方面》《山东问题与国民觉悟——对外对内两种彻底的觉悟》和《北京市民宣言》堪称引领五四运动发展方向的“战斗檄文”。若结合陈独秀在五四运动爆发之前为其舆论宣传所做的准备和奠定的“基调”,以及在其被捕之后为五四运动的发展开启的新的斗争方向,陈独秀在五四运动中的舆论导向和对运动发展方向的引领作用则体现得更加具体。

Chen Duxiu,known as“commander-in-chief of the May 4th Movement”,published a large number of articles and short comments based on his weekly review magazine in more than a month after the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement.These articles reflect his political views and expectations for the development direction of the May 4th movement.If we sort out the development process of the May 4th Movement and the time line of Chen's speech,there are three articles,namely,To Warn All Parties about the Shandong Issue,Shandong Issue and National Consciousness:Two Kinds of Thorough Awareness at Home and Abroad,and Beijing Citizens Declaration,which can be regarded as“battle calls”leading the development direction of the May Fourth Movement.By combining his preparation and“keynote”for his public opinion propaganda before the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement and the new struggle direction opened in the development of the May Fourth Movement after his arrest,we will see clearly Chen Duxiu's public opinion guidance in the May Fourth Movement and his leading role in the development direction of the Movement.