抗日战争时期中苏关系发展模式分析——基于苏联高层决策角度

Analysis of the Development Model of Sino-Soviet Relations during the Anti-Japanese War——From the Soviet High-level Decision-making Perspective

抗日战争时期(1931~1945年)中苏关系发展模式多样、发展阶段复杂,先后经历了转变中立、平衡调整、战争准备、间隙丛生四个阶段,这种阶段性外交决策的变化是苏联高层从其国家和民族利益角度出发做出的选择。这种通过外交委员会和共产国际两条路径实施的外交选择,虽然在一定程度上和一定时期内牺牲了中国人民的利益、伤害了中国人民的感情,但是在那个列强环视和帝国主义侵略的关键时期苏联的鼎力相助,不仅避免了国共两党内战,促进了抗日民族统一战线的形成,同时对于中国取得抗日战争以及世界反法西斯战争的胜利都发挥了巨大的作用。

During China's War of Resistance against Japan(1931-1945),Sino-Soviet relations developed in a variety of models and went through complex stages of neutrality,adjustment of balance,preparation of war,and consistent contracts.The change of such periodic foreign policy making is the choice of Soviet high-level group made from the perspective of its state and national interests.Such a double-track diplomatic action through the People's Commission for Foreign Affairs and Comintern sacrificed Chinese people's interests and made great damage to their feelings to a certain extent and for a certain period of time.But given that critical period when imperialist invaded China and foreign powers stared with indifferent eyes,the assistance of the Soviet Union not only averted a civil war between the CPC and KMT,but also contributed to the formation of a national united front against Japan in the country,playing a great role in China's victory in the war against Japan and the world war against fascism.