“民转刑”案件成因及防范机制研究——基于L市D区137起案件的实证分析

Research on Causes and Prevention Mechanism of the“Criminal Case Transformed from Civil Dispute”:An empirical analysis on 137 cases occurred in D District of L City in the past three years

减少“民转刑”案件的发生对于保障人民群众生命财产安全、维护社会和谐具有重要意义。根据实证分析,L市D区“民转刑”案件具有诱因集中、被告人文化层次低、前科犯和共同犯罪占比大、手段暴力、具有社会危害性等特征。发案原因包括文化素养低、法律意识欠缺、情绪控制能力弱等个人因素和社会氛围紧张、人民调解制度不健全以及犯罪防控机制不完善等社会因素。因此有必要双管齐下,在个人层面加强教育,提升公民的法律意识、情绪控制能力和心理健康;在社会层面完善各项制度,从一般预防与特殊预防两方面健全犯罪预防模式,并完善人民调解制度。

Reducing the occurrence of“criminal case transformed from civil dispute”is of great significance for ensuring the safety of people's lives and property and maintaining social harmony.According to the empirical analysis,the“criminal case transformed from civil dispute”in D District of L City has the characteristics of low cultural level of the defendant,large proportion of ex-criminals and joint crimes,means of violence,social harmfulness and so on.The causes of the case include personal factors such as low cultural literacy,lack of legal awareness,weak emotional control ability and social factors such as tense social atmosphere,imperfect people's mediation system and imperfect crime prevention and control mechanism.Therefore,it is necessary to adopt a multi-pronged approach,strengthen education at the individual level,improve citizens'legal awareness,emotional control ability and mental health,improve various systems at the social level,and improve the crime prevention model from both general prevention and special prevention as well as improving the people's mediation system.